Check current npm version: `npm -v`
Update npm globally: `npm install -g npm@latest`
Update npm to a specific version: `npm install -g npm@
Verify the update: `npm -v`
On macOS/Linux, if permissions fail, use `sudo npm install -g npm@latest`
On Windows, run the terminal as Administrator and repeat the global install
If using Node version managers, update npm through the manager if needed
With nvm, switch Node versions and reinstall/update npm as required
With npm itself, you can also use: `npm install -g npm`
If the update does not apply, clear cache and retry: `npm cache clean –force`