Remove food sources: secure trash, clean up pet food, and pick up fallen fruit
Eliminate water sources: fix leaks and drain standing water
Remove shelter: clear brush, woodpiles, debris, and clutter near structures
Trim vegetation: keep grass short and shrubs away from walls and fences
Seal entry points: close gaps in foundations, vents, doors, and utility openings
Use rat-proof containers: store bird seed, compost, and animal feed in sealed bins
Set traps outdoors where rats travel, using tamper-resistant trap boxes
Use bait stations only as labeled and keep them away from children and pets
Block access under decks, sheds, and crawl spaces with wire mesh or hardware cloth
Maintain fences and barriers to reduce hiding places and movement routes
Keep outdoor areas clean and dry on a regular schedule
Contact a licensed pest control professional for severe or persistent infestations