Use a camera with a silent or electronic shutter mode
Enable silent shooting in the camera menu
Set the drive mode to single shot
Turn off autofocus confirmation beeps and shutter sounds
Use manual focus for close-up precision
Stabilize the camera with a tripod or macro rail
Use a remote shutter release or timer
Reduce vibration by using electronic first curtain shutter if available
Avoid flash recycle noise by using continuous lighting
Set the lens to macro or close-focus mode
Keep ISO low and aperture appropriate for the subject
Check for rolling shutter or banding if using electronic shutter
Test the setup before shooting the final image