State the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis
Choose the appropriate test type
Identify the sample statistic
Identify the hypothesized population parameter
Compute the standard error
Use the test statistic formula for the chosen test
For a z-test: z = (sample statistic – hypothesized parameter) / standard error
For a t-test: t = (sample statistic – hypothesized parameter) / standard error
For a chi-square test: χ² = Σ (observed – expected)² / expected
For an F-test: F = variance 1 / variance 2
Substitute the values into the formula
Calculate the result
Compare the test statistic to the critical value or use the p-value