Use the author’s last name and the page number in parentheses: (Smith 23)
If the author’s name is mentioned in the sentence, include only the page number in parentheses: Smith says this is true (23)
For two authors, use both last names: (Smith and Jones 45)
For three or more authors, use the first author’s last name followed by et al.: (Smith et al. 12)
For a source with no author, use a shortened title in quotation marks: (“Article Title” 7)
For a source with no page numbers, use only the author’s name: (Smith)
For a source with no author and no page numbers, use a shortened title only: (“Article Title”)
Place the citation before the period at the end of the sentence
If citing multiple sources in one sentence, separate them with semicolons: (Smith 23; Jones 45)