Eat a heart-healthy eating pattern (Mediterranean-style or DASH-style)
Replace saturated fats with unsaturated fats (use olive oil, nuts, seeds, avocado; choose fish and plant proteins)
Limit saturated fat intake (fatty cuts of meat, butter, ghee, cream, cheese, coconut oil, palm oil)
Avoid trans fats (partially hydrogenated oils in some packaged/fried foods)
Increase soluble fiber (oats/oat bran, barley, beans/lentils, apples, citrus, psyllium)
Choose whole grains over refined grains (whole wheat, brown rice, quinoa)
Eat more vegetables and fruits
Include nuts and seeds regularly (unsalted)
Choose lean proteins (fish, skinless poultry, legumes)
Use low-fat or nonfat dairy if you eat dairy
Limit dietary cholesterol-rich foods if they raise your LDL (e.g., organ meats)
Reduce added sugars and refined carbohydrates (sweets, sugary drinks, white bread/pastries)
Maintain a healthy weight
Exercise regularly (aerobic plus resistance training)
Avoid smoking
Limit alcohol (if you drink, keep it moderate)
Consider LDL-lowering supplements if appropriate (psyllium; plant sterols/stanols)
Ask a clinician about medications if lifestyle changes are insufficient (statins; ezetimibe; PCSK9 inhibitors; bempedoic acid; bile acid sequestrants)