Use broad-spectrum sunscreen SPF 30 or higher every day
Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours when outdoors
Avoid picking, scratching, or rubbing affected skin
Use topical ingredients such as vitamin C, niacinamide, azelaic acid, retinoids, kojic acid, or alpha arbutin
Consider hydroquinone only under medical supervision
Exfoliate gently with chemical exfoliants like glycolic acid or lactic acid
Treat acne, eczema, or other underlying skin conditions promptly
Minimize sun exposure and wear protective clothing
Use gentle, fragrance-free skincare products
Maintain a consistent skincare routine for several weeks to months
See a dermatologist for persistent, severe, or spreading hyperpigmentation
Consider professional treatments such as chemical peels, laser therapy, or microneedling under expert care