Choose an exfoliation method based on your skin type: gentle chemical exfoliant for most people, or a soft physical exfoliant only if your skin tolerates it
Patch test any new exfoliant on a small area for 24–48 hours
Cleanse your face with a gentle cleanser and pat dry
Apply exfoliant to dry skin (for acids) or damp skin (for some products), following label directions
Use chemical exfoliants:
Use salicylic acid (BHA) if you have oily skin, clogged pores, or blackheads
Use glycolic or lactic acid (AHA) for dullness, rough texture, and uneven tone
Use polyhydroxy acids (PHA) if you have sensitive or easily irritated skin
Start slowly: exfoliate 1–2 times per week
If skin stays comfortable, increase to 3 times per week maximum
Avoid combining exfoliants in the same routine (e.g., AHA and BHA together)
Avoid exfoliating on the same day as retinoids, strong acne treatments, or other active products if you get irritation
For physical exfoliation:
Use a very gentle product (fine particles or exfoliating cloth)
Apply light pressure only
Limit to once per week or less
Rinse thoroughly if your exfoliant requires rinsing, or leave on if it’s a leave-on product
Follow with a hydrating moisturizer
Use sunscreen every morning (at least SPF 30)
If you experience burning, stinging, redness, swelling, or peeling, stop and reduce frequency or switch to a gentler product
Keep exfoliation consistent but not excessive; stop if irritation persists
Do not exfoliate over active acne lesions, open wounds, eczema flares, or sunburn
Hydrate and protect: use a barrier-supporting moisturizer on non-exfoliation days