State the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis
Choose the appropriate statistical test
Calculate the test statistic from the sample data
Determine the degrees of freedom if required
Use the test statistic and degrees of freedom to find the p value from a statistical table, calculator, or software
For a one-tailed test, use the probability in one direction
For a two-tailed test, double the one-tailed probability
Compare the p value to the chosen significance level if needed