Select seeds suitable for your growing conditions
Check seed viability and storage condition
Prepare a germination medium (paper towel, seed-starting mix, or coco coir)
Moisten the medium until evenly damp, not soaking wet
If using paper towels: place seeds between damp towels and fold
If using soil: fill seed trays with seed-starting mix and sow seeds at the recommended depth
Cover seeds lightly with mix or keep covered according to seed type
Label containers with seed type and date
Provide warmth and consistent moisture
Place seeds in a warm location (often 18–26°C / 65–80°F, depending on seed)
Cover with a humidity dome or plastic wrap to retain moisture (remove briefly for airflow if needed)
Keep the medium moist daily using a spray bottle or gentle watering
Maintain darkness only if required by the seed type; otherwise provide light after sprouting
Watch for radicle emergence and keep conditions stable
Transplant seedlings when they have roots and at least one set of true leaves
Handle seedlings by leaves or seed leaves, not the stem
Harden off seedlings before moving outdoors
Water after transplanting and keep soil evenly moist until established