Seal all entry points with steel wool, caulk, metal mesh, or hardware cloth
Repair gaps around pipes, vents, doors, windows, and foundations
Install door sweeps and weather stripping
Store food in airtight containers
Clean crumbs, spills, and grease immediately
Take out trash regularly and use sealed bins
Remove pet food overnight
Fix leaks and eliminate standing water
Declutter storage areas, basements, attics, and garages
Trim vegetation away from the house
Set snap traps along walls and near signs of activity
Use bait stations only if appropriate and kept away from children and pets
Wear gloves when handling traps or droppings
Disinfect areas with rat droppings and urine
Vacuum droppings only after disinfecting and using proper protection
Dispose of dead rats safely in sealed bags
Monitor for new signs of activity after cleanup
Contact a licensed pest control professional for severe infestations
Seek medical advice if you were exposed to droppings, bites, or scratches