Use the author’s last name and the year of publication
Format: (Author, Year)
Example: (Smith, 2020)
For a direct quote, include the page number
Format: (Author, Year, p. X)
Example: (Smith, 2020, p. 15)
For two authors, include both last names with an ampersand
Format: (Author & Author, Year)
Example: (Smith & Jones, 2020)
For three or more authors, use the first author’s last name followed by et al.
Format: (Author et al., Year)
Example: (Smith et al., 2020)
For a group author, use the organization name
Format: (Organization Name, Year)
Example: (American Psychological Association, 2020)
If no author is listed, use the title in quotation marks or italics as appropriate
Format: (“Title,” Year)
Example: (“Study Title,” 2020)