Reduce image resolution before embedding
Compress images using JPEG for photos and PNG optimization for graphics
Remove unused images, fonts, and embedded files
Subset fonts instead of embedding full font files
Use standard fonts when possible
Flatten transparency
Simplify vector graphics and remove unnecessary objects
Delete hidden layers, comments, bookmarks, and metadata
Optimize page content and remove duplicate elements
Downsample images to the lowest acceptable quality
Convert color images to grayscale when color is not needed
Avoid embedding large multimedia content
Use PDF optimization or “Save as Reduced Size” tools
Re-save the PDF with compression enabled
Split large PDFs into smaller files if appropriate