Inspect the crack size, location, and pattern
Identify whether the crack is vertical, horizontal, diagonal, or stair-step
Check for signs of water intrusion, shifting, or bulging
Clean the crack and remove loose debris
Dry the area completely
Widen small cracks slightly if needed for better filler adhesion
Fill hairline cracks with epoxy or polyurethane injection
Seal wider cracks with hydraulic cement or masonry crack filler
Apply epoxy paste to structural cracks
Install carbon fiber straps or wall anchors for bowing or moving walls
Repair exterior drainage issues if water is contributing to the damage
Redirect downspouts away from the foundation
Regrade soil to slope away from the house
Waterproof the foundation surface if needed
Monitor the crack for movement after repair
Call a structural engineer or foundation specialist for large, widening, or horizontal cracks