Connect your iPhone to your Mac with a USB cable
Unlock your iPhone and tap Trust This Computer if prompted
Open Finder on your Mac
Select your iPhone from the Finder sidebar
Click General
Choose the items you want to sync
Click Apply or Sync
Wait for the sync to finish
To sync wirelessly, connect iPhone and Mac to the same Wi-Fi network
In Finder, select your iPhone
Check Show this iPhone when on Wi-Fi
Click Apply
Keep both devices connected to power and on the same Wi-Fi network
To sync photos, open the Photos app on your Mac
Select your iPhone under Devices
Import the photos you want
To sync contacts, calendars, and notes, turn on iCloud on both devices
Sign in with the same Apple ID on iPhone and Mac
Enable the desired iCloud sync options on both devices