Complete high school with strong grades in biology, chemistry, physics, and math
Earn a bachelor’s degree with pre-med coursework
Take the MCAT
Apply to and complete medical school
Pass the required medical licensing exams
Complete a general surgery residency
Complete a cardiothoracic surgery residency or fellowship
Obtain board certification in cardiothoracic surgery
Get a state medical license
Gain clinical experience in cardiac surgery
Apply for hospital privileges and surgical positions
Maintain continuing medical education and recertification requirements