Use the author’s last name and the page number in parentheses: (Smith 23)
If the author’s name is mentioned in the sentence, include only the page number in parentheses: Smith says this is true (23)
If there are two authors, list both last names: (Smith and Jones 45)
If there are three or more authors, use the first author’s last name followed by et al.: (Smith et al. 12)
If there is no author, use a shortened version of the title in quotation marks: (“Article Title” 7)
If there is no page number, include only the author’s last name: (Smith)
If citing a source with multiple works by the same author, add a shortened title: (Smith, Title 14)
Place the citation before the period at the end of the sentence
For quotations, include the citation immediately after the quote
For block quotes, place the citation after the final punctuation of the quote