Use broad-spectrum sunscreen SPF 30 or higher every day
Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours when outdoors
Wear a wide-brim hat and protective clothing
Avoid picking, scratching, or rubbing affected skin
Use topical ingredients such as vitamin C, niacinamide, azelaic acid, retinoids, kojic acid, or alpha arbutin
Consider chemical exfoliants like glycolic acid or lactic acid
Treat acne, eczema, or other skin inflammation promptly
Avoid harsh scrubs and over-exfoliation
Use gentle, fragrance-free skincare products
Try prescription treatments if over-the-counter products do not help
Consider chemical peels, laser therapy, or microneedling with a dermatologist
Patch test new products before regular use
See a dermatologist for persistent, worsening, or unusual pigmentation