Review symptoms: irregular or absent periods, acne, excess facial/body hair, scalp hair thinning, weight gain, infertility
Take a detailed medical history, including menstrual pattern, fertility concerns, and family history
Perform a physical examination for signs of androgen excess and insulin resistance
Order blood tests to rule out other causes and check hormone levels
Check total and/or free testosterone
Check DHEAS
Check LH, FSH, prolactin, TSH, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone
Assess blood glucose or HbA1c
Assess lipid profile
Perform a pelvic ultrasound to look for polycystic ovaries
Apply diagnostic criteria such as Rotterdam criteria
Confirm diagnosis only after excluding other conditions with similar symptoms