Look for three leaflets per leaf (often described as “leaves of three”)
Check for smooth or slightly toothed edges; leaf margins can vary
Note that leaflets commonly have a glossy or medium sheen when fresh
Watch for stems that may appear reddish, especially in younger growth
Identify aerial roots or a “hairy” look on climbing vines (often along the stem)
Look for clusters of small white or cream berries in late season
Check for a milky sap when stems or leaves are broken
Observe growth patterns: vines, ground cover, or shrubs
Avoid relying on “red in spring” or “fall color” as the only indicator
Be cautious if plants are in different forms in different areas (vine vs. shrub vs. ground cover)
Treat any unknown plant with “three leaflets” characteristics as poison ivy until confirmed