Stay physically active (aerobic exercise plus strength training)
Maintain a healthy weight
Control blood pressure
Manage blood sugar and prevent diabetes
Keep cholesterol in a healthy range
Stop smoking
Limit alcohol intake
Eat a Mediterranean-style diet (vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts, fish, olive oil)
Reduce intake of ultra-processed foods, sugary drinks, and high-sodium foods
Get adequate sleep and treat sleep apnea if present
Stay mentally active (learning new skills, reading, puzzles, education)
Maintain social connections and regular social activities
Manage stress and prioritize mental well-being
Keep hearing and vision in good condition (screening and appropriate aids)
Treat depression and anxiety
Avoid heavy head injuries; use helmets and safety gear
Review medications with a clinician to reduce falls, sedation, and cognitive side effects
Prevent falls by improving balance, strength, and home safety
Follow up with regular healthcare visits and screenings