Use `Integer.parseInt(“123”)`
Use `Integer.valueOf(“123”)`
Use `new Integer(“123”)` if needed, but it is deprecated for new code
Use `Integer.parseInt(str.trim())` to handle surrounding spaces
Use `Integer.parseInt(str, 10)` to parse with a specific radix
Use `Integer.decode(“123”)` for decimal, hex, or octal string formats
Handle `NumberFormatException` with `try-catch`
Check for `null` before converting
Use `Integer.valueOf(str).intValue()` if you need an `int` from an `Integer` object
