Use broad-spectrum sunscreen SPF 30 or higher every day
Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours when outdoors
Wear a wide-brim hat and seek shade
Avoid picking, scratching, or rubbing the skin
Use gentle cleanser and moisturizer
Try vitamin C serum
Try niacinamide serum
Try azelaic acid
Try retinoids at night
Try alpha arbutin
Try kojic acid
Try glycolic acid or lactic acid
Exfoliate only 1 to 3 times per week
Patch test new products before regular use
Treat acne early to prevent dark marks
Avoid harsh scrubs and strong DIY remedies
Consider hydroquinone only with medical guidance
Consider chemical peels from a dermatologist
Consider laser treatment from a dermatologist
See a dermatologist if pigmentation is persistent, worsening, or uneven