Use the author’s last name, followed by initials
Use the publication year in parentheses
Use the title of the work in sentence case
Italicize the title of books, journals, and reports
Capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle, and proper nouns
Include the edition number if applicable
Include the volume number for journals if applicable
Include the issue number in parentheses for journals if applicable
Include page numbers for articles or book chapters if applicable
Include the publisher for books
Include the DOI if available
Include the URL if the source is online and no DOI is available
Arrange multiple references alphabetically by the first author’s last name
Use a hanging indent for each reference entry
Follow the specific APA format for the source type being cited