Find a dark area or build a dark spawning platform high above ground
Choose a design type: tower farm, platform farm, or dungeon-based farm
Gather building blocks, slabs, trapdoors, water buckets, hoppers, chests, signs, and a killing method
Build a large enclosed spawning room with no light sources
Make the floor spawnable and the ceiling high enough for mobs to appear
Block all light leaks from walls, ceiling, and entrances
Add water channels or flushing systems to move mobs toward a drop point
Create a central hole or chute for mobs to fall through
Place hoppers and chests at the bottom to collect drops
Add a kill chamber using fall damage, magma blocks, campfires, or manual killing
Spawn-proof nearby caves, surfaces, and structures to increase spawn rates
AFK at the correct distance from the farm so mobs spawn inside it
Test the farm and adjust lighting, spawning spaces, and mob movement if needed