Check SMART status in BIOS/UEFI
Use SMART tools like CrystalDiskInfo, smartctl, or HDDScan
Run the manufacturer’s diagnostic utility
Check for bad sectors with CHKDSK or fsck
Monitor disk temperature
Listen for unusual clicking, grinding, or buzzing sounds
Watch for slow boot times and frequent freezes
Look for file corruption or read/write errors
Check disk usage and health alerts in the operating system
Back up important data regularly
Replace the drive if SMART warnings or diagnostic failures appear