Turn off the HVAC system
Remove and wash vent covers
Vacuum loose dust from registers and grilles
Use a brush attachment to clean accessible duct openings
Loosen debris inside ducts with a soft-bristle brush
Vacuum ducts with a HEPA vacuum if available
Clean the blower compartment and air handler
Replace the air filter
Wipe down surrounding surfaces
Inspect for mold, pests, or damaged ductwork
Seal any visible leaks with approved duct sealant
Reattach clean vent covers
Turn the HVAC system back on
Schedule professional duct cleaning if buildup is heavy or ducts are hard to access