Windows: Open Command Prompt as administrator
Windows: Run `ipconfig /flushdns`
Windows: Restart the DNS Client service if needed
macOS: Open Terminal
macOS: Run `sudo dscacheutil -flushcache`
macOS: Run `sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder`
Linux with systemd-resolved: Run `sudo resolvectl flush-caches`
Linux with nscd: Run `sudo systemctl restart nscd`
Linux with dnsmasq: Run `sudo systemctl restart dnsmasq`
Google Chrome: Open `chrome://net-internals/#dns`
Google Chrome: Click `Clear host cache`
Google Chrome: Open `chrome://net-internals/#sockets`
Google Chrome: Click `Flush socket pools`
Mozilla Firefox: Restart the browser
Mozilla Firefox: Clear DNS cache from network settings if available
Microsoft Edge: Open `edge://net-internals/#dns`
Microsoft Edge: Click `Clear host cache`
Flush router DNS cache: Restart the router
Flush router DNS cache: Reboot the modem/router
Flush local DNS cache on mobile devices: Toggle airplane mode on and off
Flush local DNS cache on mobile devices: Restart the device