Open Minecraft
Select the world you want to map
Gather paper and a compass
Craft a map using 8 paper and 1 compass
Hold the empty map and use it to create the map
Explore the area to fill in the map
Craft additional maps if you need a larger mapped area
Use a cartography table to expand or clone maps
Place maps in item frames to make a wall map
Keep exploring to update the map as you move through new areas