Use broad-spectrum sunscreen SPF 30 or higher daily
Wear protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses
Avoid direct sun exposure during peak hours
Use topical ingredients such as vitamin C, niacinamide, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, or retinoids
Consider prescription treatments like hydroquinone only under medical supervision
Use exfoliating acids such as glycolic acid or lactic acid carefully
Treat underlying skin inflammation, acne, or irritation
Avoid picking, scratching, or rubbing the skin
Use gentle skincare products and avoid harsh scrubs
Consult a dermatologist for persistent or severe hyperpigmentation
Maintain consistent skincare and sun protection routines