Check the county recorder, clerk, or register of deeds office where the property is located
Search the property by address, parcel number, and owner name
Review the title report or title search from a title company
Check the county tax assessor and tax collector records for unpaid property taxes
Search court records for judgments, lawsuits, or foreclosure actions involving the owner
Review UCC filings with the state for liens on personal property tied to the owner or business
Check for mechanics’ lien filings in county records
Ask the seller for a lien payoff statement or mortgage statement
Request a property lien search from a real estate attorney or title company
Review the deed history and recorded encumbrances on the property
Verify HOA or condo association records for unpaid assessments
Use online county property record databases if available
Confirm with the lender whether any mortgage or home equity lien exists
Obtain a preliminary title commitment before closing on the property