Identify a mature pine tree with cones that are fully developed and beginning to open
Collect cones when they are brown, dry, and slightly open
Wear gloves to protect your hands from sap and sharp cone scales
Pick cones from the tree or gather fallen cones from the ground
Place cones in a breathable bag, basket, or bucket
Dry the cones in a warm, well-ventilated area until they open fully
Shake or tap the cones to release the seeds
Remove the seeds from the cone scales by hand
Separate the pine nuts from the winged seed coverings if present
Sort out damaged, empty, or discolored seeds
Store the pine nuts in an airtight container in a cool, dry place or refrigerate them