Open a crafting table
Place 2 sticks vertically in the middle column
Place 2 of the material you want to use for the hoe in the top row, in the left and middle slots
Use wood planks, cobblestone, iron ingots, gold ingots, diamonds, or netherite ingots
For a netherite hoe, first craft a diamond hoe, then upgrade it with a netherite ingot and a smithing table
Take the hoe from the result slot