Rinse dried black beans and sort out any debris
Soak the beans in plenty of water overnight or for 8 to 12 hours
Drain and rinse the soaked beans
Place the beans in a pot and cover with fresh water
Add salt, onion, garlic, or bay leaf if desired
Bring to a boil over medium-high heat
Reduce heat to low and simmer until tender
Skim off any foam that rises to the top
Stir occasionally and add more water if needed
Cook until the beans are soft, usually 1 to 2 hours
Drain the beans if needed and season to taste