Place the patient in the supine position with the head elevated 30–45°
Identify the right internal jugular or subclavian vein
Insert a central venous catheter using sterile technique
Confirm catheter tip placement in the lower superior vena cava or right atrium junction
Connect the catheter to a pressure transducer or manometer
Zero the transducer at the level of the right atrium
Record the CVP waveform and pressure at end-expiration
Read the pressure in mmHg or cm H2O
Repeat measurements for consistency
Document the value along with patient position and respiratory phase