Use the author’s last name and the page number in parentheses: (Smith 23)
If there are two authors, include both last names: (Smith and Jones 45)
If there are three or more authors, use the first author’s last name followed by et al.: (Smith et al. 12)
If there is no author, use a shortened version of the title in quotation marks: (“Article Title” 8)
If the author’s name is mentioned in the sentence, include only the page number in parentheses: Smith argues this point (23)
If there is no page number, use only the author’s last name: (Smith)
If citing a source with no page number and no author, use a shortened title: (“Article Title”)
Place the citation before the period at the end of the sentence
For block quotes, place the citation after the closing punctuation of the quote