Wash hair regularly with a dandruff shampoo
Use a dandruff shampoo containing one of these active ingredients: ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, salicylic acid, or coal tar
Leave shampoo on the scalp for 5–10 minutes before rinsing
Use the medicated shampoo 2–3 times per week for 2–4 weeks, then reduce to once weekly to maintain control
On non-medicated wash days, use a gentle, fragrance-free shampoo
Avoid heavy hair oils and pomades on the scalp
Keep scalp clean and dry; rinse out sweat after workouts
Limit scratching and avoid picking flakes
Use a soft brush or comb to gently loosen flakes during washing
Wash hats, helmets, and hair accessories regularly
Replace or clean combs and brushes to reduce buildup
Manage stress and sleep, since they can worsen flaking in some people
If symptoms persist after 4 weeks of medicated shampoo, see a dermatologist
Seek medical care sooner if there is redness, pain, thick crusting, oozing, or significant hair loss
Consider prescription options (e.g., stronger antifungals or topical steroids) if over-the-counter treatments fail