Use broad-spectrum sunscreen SPF 30 or higher every day
Apply sunscreen to the area around the mouth even indoors if exposed to daylight
Avoid rubbing, licking, or picking the skin around the mouth
Use a gentle cleanser and avoid harsh scrubs
Moisturize daily with a fragrance-free moisturizer
Use topical ingredients such as niacinamide, vitamin C, azelaic acid, kojic acid, or licorice extract
Consider retinoids at night if tolerated
Exfoliate gently with chemical exfoliants like lactic acid or glycolic acid a few times per week
Stop or reduce use of products that may irritate the area
Check for triggers such as toothpaste, lip products, shaving, or waxing irritation
Treat any underlying causes such as eczema, acne, or fungal infection
Use hydroquinone only under medical supervision
Consult a dermatologist for persistent, worsening, or uneven pigmentation
Seek medical evaluation if the pigmentation appears suddenly or is associated with pain, rash, or swelling