Gather materials: gypsum board patch, utility knife, drywall saw, joint tape, joint compound, putty knife, sandpaper, screws, drill, primer, and paint
Clear the damaged area of loose material
Cut out the damaged section into a clean square or rectangle
Measure and cut a matching gypsum board patch
Install backing strips if needed behind the opening
Secure the patch with drywall screws
Apply joint tape over seams
Spread joint compound over the tape and screw heads
Let the compound dry completely
Apply additional thin coats of joint compound as needed
Sand the repaired area smooth
Prime the repaired surface
Paint to match the surrounding wall or ceiling