Get a semen analysis
Check sperm count
Check sperm motility
Check sperm morphology
Repeat the test if results are abnormal
See a urologist or fertility specialist
Review any history of testicular injury or surgery
Review any history of infections like mumps orchitis or STIs
Review any hormone problems
Review any medications or anabolic steroid use
Review any exposure to heat, radiation, or toxins
Check for signs of low testosterone
Check for signs of testicular atrophy
Check for varicocele
Check for blocked sperm ducts
Check for genetic causes
Confirm sterility only after medical testing