Call emergency services or go to the nearest emergency department immediately
Keep the person calm and still
Sit upright if breathing is easier, unless it worsens symptoms
Do not lie flat if it increases shortness of breath
Do not give food or drink
Do not smoke or vape
Do not attempt to re-expand the lung yourself
Follow emergency medical instructions
Treatment may include oxygen
Treatment may include needle decompression
Treatment may include chest tube placement
Treatment may include observation for small, stable cases
Treatment may include surgery for recurrent or severe cases
Treat the underlying cause if identified
Seek urgent care again if symptoms worsen after treatment