Sift powdered sugar into a bowl
Add 1–2 tablespoons milk or water
Add 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract (optional)
Add a pinch of salt (optional)
Stir until smooth
Add more powdered sugar if too thin
Add more milk or water 1 teaspoon at a time if too thick
For thicker icing, use less liquid
For thinner icing, use more liquid
For extra shine, add 1–2 teaspoons light corn syrup (optional)
For royal icing, replace liquid with pasteurized egg whites or meringue powder mixed with water, then mix until desired consistency