Check local codes, permits, setbacks, and utility locations
Gather materials, tools, blocks, mortar, rebar, gravel, and concrete
Mark the wall layout with stakes and string
Excavate the footing trench to the required depth and width
Compact the subgrade
Add and compact a gravel base
Build and level the footing forms if needed
Place rebar in the footing per code
Pour concrete footing
Screed, level, and finish the footing
Let the footing cure
Snap chalk lines or reset strings for the wall alignment
Dry-lay the first course to check fit
Mix mortar to the proper consistency
Spread mortar on the footing
Set the first block at the corner
Level and align the first block carefully
Lay the rest of the first course along the string line
Keep joints consistent
Check level, plumb, and alignment frequently
Stagger vertical joints on the next course
Apply mortar to block ends and bed joints
Set each block firmly into place
Insert horizontal rebar where required
Install vertical rebar in hollow cores where required
Fill reinforced cores with grout or concrete
Continue laying courses to the desired height
Use half blocks or cut blocks as needed
Keep the wall plumb and straight
Tool the mortar joints as they begin to set
Clean excess mortar from the block faces
Install wall caps or coping
Allow the wall to cure properly
Backfill only after the wall has gained sufficient strength
Seal or waterproof the wall if required