State the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis
Choose the appropriate statistical test
Determine the test statistic from your sample data
Identify the sampling distribution under the null hypothesis
Calculate the p value as the probability of observing a result at least as extreme as the test statistic
For a one-tailed test, use the probability in one direction
For a two-tailed test, double the one-tailed tail probability
Compare the p value to the chosen significance level
Reject the null hypothesis if the p value is less than or equal to the significance level
Fail to reject the null hypothesis if the p value is greater than the significance level