Define the robot’s purpose
Set requirements and constraints
Choose the robot type and platform
Design the mechanical structure
Select sensors
Select actuators
Select the controller
Select the power source
Design the electronics
Build the hardware prototype
Develop the software architecture
Implement control algorithms
Integrate sensors and actuators
Test individual components
Calibrate the system
Debug hardware and software
Validate safety features
Optimize performance
Refine the design
Document the build
Deploy and maintain the robot