Observe leaf shape, size, color, and arrangement
Check stem type, texture, and branching pattern
Look at flowers, fruits, seeds, and cones
Note bark, thorns, hairs, and sap
Compare overall plant size and growth habit
Examine habitat, location, and season
Use a field guide or plant identification app
Match features with regional plant databases
Take clear photos of leaves, stems, flowers, and whole plant
Consult a local botanist, nursery, or extension service