Put the author’s last name and the year of publication in parentheses
Example: (Smith, 2020)
For a direct quote, include the page number
Example: (Smith, 2020, p. 15)
If there are two authors, include both last names
Example: (Smith & Jones, 2020)
If there are three or more authors, use the first author’s last name followed by et al.
Example: (Smith et al., 2020)
If the author’s name is part of the sentence, put only the year in parentheses
Example: Smith (2020) states that…
For multiple sources in one citation, separate them with semicolons
Example: (Smith, 2020; Jones, 2019)
Use the same format for paraphrased ideas and quoted material, with page numbers only for quotes
Match the citation style required by your assignment or publication guidelines