A painless lump or swelling in one testicle
A change in the size, shape, or firmness of a testicle
A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
A dull ache in the lower abdomen, groin, or scrotum
A sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum
Pain or discomfort in a testicle or scrotum
A difference in how one testicle feels compared with the other
Back pain
Enlarged or tender breasts
A doctor’s exam showing an abnormal testicular mass
An ultrasound showing a suspicious testicular lesion
Blood tests showing abnormal tumor markers such as AFP, hCG, or LDH
A biopsy or surgical removal confirming cancer
Prompt medical evaluation if any testicular lump or swelling is found