Open a Crafting Table
Place 2 sticks in the middle and bottom middle slots
Place 3 matching materials in the top row and upper left and upper middle or upper middle and upper right, depending on the axe type
Wooden Axe: 3 wooden planks
Stone Axe: 3 cobblestone
Iron Axe: 3 iron ingots
Golden Axe: 3 gold ingots
Diamond Axe: 3 diamonds
Netherite Axe: 3 diamonds axe plus 1 netherite ingot in a Smithing Table to upgrade
Use the crafted axe from the result slot