Extract iron ore from the ground
Crush and beneficiate the ore
Reduce the ore to molten iron in a blast furnace or direct reduction process
Remove impurities such as carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, and manganese in a steelmaking furnace
Adjust the chemical composition with controlled additions of carbon and alloying elements
Refine the molten metal using oxygen, electric arc, or basic oxygen steelmaking processes
Cast the molten steel into slabs, billets, or blooms
Reheat and roll or forge the cast steel into the desired shape
Cool, heat treat, and finish the steel as required